What Is SSI?
Federal Cash Assistance
SSI is a needs-based federal program that pays monthly benefits to people who are 65 or older, blind, or disabled and who have very limited income and resources. Source 1
Funded by General Revenue
Unlike SSDI, which is funded by payroll taxes, SSI is financed through general U.S. Treasury funds. Source 4
Who Qualifies?
Basic Eligibility
Applicants must live in one of the 50 states, D.C., or the Northern Mariana Islands and meet age, disability, or blindness criteria. Source 9
Income & Asset Limits
Strict caps apply to both earned and unearned income as well as countable resources; recipients often also qualify for Medicaid or SNAP. Source 10
How to Apply
Where & How
Apply online at ssa.gov, by phone (1-800-772-1213), or in person at a local SSA office. Source 3
Required Documents
Gather proof of identity, age, income, resources, and medical records (if applying on disability). Source 7
FAQ
Q1. How is SSI different from SSDI?
SSI is needs-based; SSDI requires a qualifying work history. Source 4
Q2. Can I receive both SSI and SSDI?
Yes—many people receive SSDI first and then SSI to “top up” their income.
Q3. Does SSI come with other benefits?
Recipients usually qualify for Medicaid and may receive state supplements like California’s SSP. Source 6
Q4. What are the 2024 resource limits?
Countable resources must generally stay below $2,000 for an individual or $3,000 for a couple.
Q5. How long does approval take?
Expect 3–6 months; disability claims can take longer due to medical reviews.
Q6. Can residents of Puerto Rico apply?
No—SSI is not available in Puerto Rico or other U.S. territories. Source 9
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